BILOU DAN TANTANGAN MENGKONSERVASINYA DI MENTAWAI: Sebuah Tinjauan dari Perspektif Sosial Budaya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jantro.v18.n1.p51-56.2016Keywords:
Bilou, Kepulauan Mentawai, Kearifan lokal, PelestarianAbstract
Tulisan ini merupakan sebuah essai ilmiah berisi pokok-pokok pemikiran tentang perlunya mengakomodasi perspektif sosial budaya dalam upaya pelestarian bilou (Hylobates klossii) di Kepulauan Mentawai. Penulis bermaksud menunjukkan perlunya pendekatan terpadu, meliputi persepektif sosial budaya dalam rangka pembangunan konservasi bilou. Di satu sisi secara internal persepsi dan pemanfaatan bilou dalam kehidupan tradisional orang Mentawai erat kaitannya dengan sistem kepercayaan, adat istiadat dan kebiasaan hidup suku asli Mentawai sendiri. Di sisi lain orang Mentawai juga dihadapkan dengan berbagai bentuk kemasan modernitas yang dipromosikan dan bahkan mungkin didesakkan “pihak luarâ€. Di tengah-tengah ancaman kepunahan bilou di Kepulauan Mentawai dewasa ini, maka amatlah penting memetik pembelajaran dari kearifan lokal setempat dan menyeleksinya untuk dijadikan bagian dari penedekatan dan intrumen terpadu pelestarian bilou. Sebagaimana juga penting meninjau ulang berbagai bentuk promosi modernitas dan intervensi pembangunan yang selama ini kontra-produktif terhadap tujuan konservasi bilou, meliputi perlunya regulasi baru dan penegakan hukum yang lebih konsekuen.
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