The Digital Village Initiative and Construction of Social Identity in Rural Communities
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jantro.v27.n1.p27-36.2025Keywords:
Digital village, social dynamics, social identity construction, rural communityAbstract
In the era of technological and information modernization, the need for information is one of the basic needs for human life. It makes various community groups develop ways of life to meet these needs. One of them was carried out by the people of Melung Village, who independently built an internet network in their village to obtain access to information from outside Melung Village. The difficult location and being in the mountains make this business known to many, so Melung Village is nicknamed the Internet Village or Digital Village. In its development, this embedded predicate, or nickname affects how people recognize themselves and represent their identity. This research wants to explore more deeply how the dynamics and formation of sociocultural identities for the community are located. This study uses ethnographic methods to obtain field data. Ethnography was chosen to obtain data from the perspective of cultural stakeholders, in this case, the people of Melung village. The results of this study show that the people of Melung Village do not deliberately embed the identity of the digital village but rather introduce the public to Melung Village, a remote village with good internet access. In its development, this identity is interpreted by the community not only as the identity of the village but also as the identity of the people of Melung Village.References
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Muhtar, E. A., Abdillah, A., Widianingsih, I., & Adikancana, Q. M. (2023). Smart villages, rural development and community vulnerability in Indonesia: A bibliometric analysis. Cogent Social Sciences, 9(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2023.2219118
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Purnamawati, I. G. A., Jie, F., & Hatane, S. E. (2022). Cultural Change Shapes the Sustainable Development of Religious Ecotourism Villages in Bali, Indonesia. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(12), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14127368
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Ritzer, G., & Goodman, D. J. (2019). Teori Sosiologi Dari Teori Sosiologi Klasik Sampai Perkembangan Mutakhir Teori Sosial Postmodern. Kreasi Wacana.
Saharudin, S., Sukri, S., & Arrozi, P. (2021). Penandaan-Kebahasaan Tentang Transformasi Sosial-Budaya Komunitas Adat Sade dan Pariwisata Selama Pandemi COVID-19. Jurnal Antropologi: Isu-Isu Sosial Budaya, 23(1), 9–17.
Salkuti, S. R. (2021). Smart cities: Understanding policies, standards, applications and case studies. International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 11(4), 3137–3144. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v11i4.pp3137-3144
Seim, J. (2021). Participant Observation, Observant Participation, and Hybrid Ethnography. Sociological Methods & Research, 53(1), 121–152. https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124120986209
Sihombing, T., & Lumbantobing, R. D. H. (2024). Digital technology adoption for village public administration—Evidence from Indonesia. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development, 8(4), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i4.3444
Stake, R. E. (2000). The Case Study Method in Sosial Inquiry. In R. Gomm, M. Hammersley, & P. Foster (Eds.), Case Study Method (pp. 19–26). Sage Publications.
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of Qualitative Research: Grounded Theory Procerdures and Techniques. Sage Publications.
Sudapet, I. N., Sukoco, A., Setiawan, M. I., Salleh, F., & Razik, M. A. B. (2023). “e DESA, Sustainable Village, Intelligent Economy and Tourism.†ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, 108–110. https://doi.org/10.1145/3624875.3624893
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Susanto, P. C., Yuntina, L., Saribanon, E., & Soehaditama, J. P. (2024). Qualitative Method Concepts : Literature Review , Focus Group Discussion , Ethnography and Grounded Theory. Siber Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary, 2(2), 262–275.
Trundle, C., & Phillips, T. (2023). Defining focused ethnography: Disciplinary boundary-work and the imagined divisions between ‘focused’ and ‘traditional’ ethnography in health research – A critical review. Social Science and Medicine, 332(May), 116108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116108
Turner, S. P. (2003). Emile Durkheim: Sociologist and moralist. In Emile Durkheim: Sociologist and Moralist. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203168257
Widiyarta, A., Haniyuhan, A., & Bataha, K. (2024). Transformasi Sosial Budaya Masyarakat pada Implementasi Program Smart Village dalam perspektif Smart Governance. Reslaj : Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal, 6(4), 2030–2040. https://doi.org/10.47476/reslaj.v6i4.1903
Yigitcanlar, T., Han, H., Kamruzzaman, M., Ioppolo, G., & Sabatini-Marques, J. (2019). The making of smart cities: Are Songdo, Masdar, Amsterdam, San Francisco and Brisbane the best we could build? Land Use Policy, 88(September), 104187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104187
Yigitcanlar, T., Kamruzzaman, M., Foth, M., Sabatini-Marques, J., da Costa, E., & Ioppolo, G. (2019). Can cities become smart without being sustainable? A systematic review of the literature. Sustainable Cities and Society, 45(June 2018), 348–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2018.11.033
Zhang, S., & Qiu, Z. (2024). Why is rural E-commerce successful? A sociological analysis of the mechanism for actualizing technological dividends. Journal of Chinese Sociology, 11(2), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40711-023-00205-5
Zhao, Y., & Li, R. (2022). Coupling and Coordination Analysis of Digital Rural Construction from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization: A Case Study from Zhejiang Province of China. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/su14063638
Zulvia, P., & Harahap, A. S. (2023). Advokasi Digitalisasi Desa Dalam Pengembangan Potensi Desa Cibodas Lembang Sebagai Desa Digital. RESWARA: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 4(1), 518–525. https://doi.org/10.46576/rjpkm.v4i1.2501
Agustiono, W. (2022). Smart Villages in Indonesia in the Light of the Literature Review. 2022 International Conference on ICT for Smart Society (ICISS), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICISS55894.2022.9915061
Anderson, B. (2008). Imagined Communities: Komunitas-Komunitas Terbayang. INSISTPress dan Pustaka Pelajar.
Antoni, D., Syamsuar, D., Pratiwi, M. P., & Agusman, A. (2023). Developing Conceptual Design of Internet Network for Digital Village. 2023 8th International Conference on Informatics and Computing, ICIC 2023. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIC60109.2023.10382101
Dirgatama, C. H. A., Permansah, S., & Rusmana, D. (2024). Understanding smart village concepts: digital literacy and mobile technology. Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn), 18(3), 1007–1020. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v18i3.21293
Ermayanti, E., Indrizal, E., & Irwandi, A. (2023). Rural Tourism Development: Rumah Gadang As A Homestay In Traditional Village Of Nagari Sijunjung A Commodification. Jurnal Antropologi: Isu-Isu Sosial Budaya, 25(1), 34–49.
Etikan, I., Musa, S. A., & Alkassim, R. S. (2016). Comparison of Convenience Sampling and Purposive Sampling. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5(1), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160501.11
Eungoo, K., & Hwang, H.-J. (2021). Ethical Conducts in Qualitative Research Methodology :Participant Observation and Interview Process*. Journal of Research and Publication Ethics, 2(2), 5–10.
Fahmi, F Z, & Savira, M. (2023). Digitalization and rural entrepreneurial attitude in Indonesia: a capability approach. Journal of Enterprising Communities, 17(2), 454–478. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEC-06-2021-0082
Fahmi, Fikri Zul, & Mendrofa, M. J. S. (2024). Digitalisation and Rural Livelihood Transformation: Evidence from Indonesia. International Journal of Rural Management, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1177/09730052231223822
Fetterman, D. M. (2010). Ethnography: Step-by-Step. Sage Publications.
Fitriansyah, F., & Nuryakin, C. (2021). Desa Digital dan Tingkat Literasi Keuangan Aparatur Desa: Studi Kasus Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang. Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Pembangunan Indonesia, 21(2), 220–234.
Garna, J. K. (2009). Metoda Penelitian: Kualitatif. The Judistira Foundation dan Primaco Akademika.
Gorelova, I., Bellini, F., & D’Ascenzo, F. (2024). Understanding smart territories: A conceptual framework. Cities, 152(105146), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2024.105146
Günel, G., & Watanabe, C. (2024). Patchwork ethnography. American Ethnologist, 51(1), 131–139. https://doi.org/10.1111/amet.13243
Hadian, N., & Susanto, T. D. (2022). Pengembangan Model Smart Village Indonesia: Systematic Literature Review. Journal of Information System,Graphics, Hospitality and Technology, 4(2), 77–85. https://doi.org/10.37823/insight.v4i2.234
Hutchinson, A. (2021). What Happens on the Internet Every Minute (2021 Version) [Infographic]. SocialMediaToday. https://www.socialmediatoday.com/news/what-happens-on-the-internet-every-minute-2021-version-infographic/607586/
Jenik, C. (2021). A Minute on the Internet in 2021. Statista. https://www.statista.com/chart/25443/estimated-amount-of-data-created-on-the-internet-in-one-minute/
Kumar, H., Singh, M. K., Gupta, M. P., & Madaan, J. (2020). Moving towards smart cities: Solutions that lead to the Smart City Transformation Framework. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 153(October 2017), 119281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.04.024
Laitinen, I., & Piazza, R. (2020). Smart City Community Engagement Through Learning. In M. Rehm, J. Saldien, & S. Manca (Eds.), Project and Design Literacy as Cornerstones of Smart Education (Vol. 158, pp. 177–180). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9652-6_22
Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry. Sage Publications.
Liu, Z., Wu, H., & Badar, I. H. (2024). Impact of Rural Digital Economy Development on Rural Revitalisation—Evidence from China. Sustainability (Switzerland) , 16(11), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114573
Mahendra, G. S., & Nugraha, P. G. S. C. (2021). Pelatihan Perangkat Desa dalam Penggunaan Sistem Pengaduan Online Berbasis Web (EC-Resolver) Untuk Menuju Desa Digital. JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri), 5(3), 918–929.
Muhtar, E. A., Abdillah, A., Widianingsih, I., & Adikancana, Q. M. (2023). Smart villages, rural development and community vulnerability in Indonesia: A bibliometric analysis. Cogent Social Sciences, 9(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2023.2219118
Murdiyanto, E. (2020). Penelitian Kualitatif (Teori dan Aplikasi disertai contoh proposal). LPPM UPN “Veteran†Yogyakarta Press.
Pemerintah Desa Melung. (2023). Profil Desa Melung. https://www.melung.desa.id/profil/
Pudianti, A., Syahbana, J. A., & Suprapti, A. (2016). Role of Culture in Rural Transformation in Manding Village, Bantul Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 227(November 2015), 458–464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.06.101
Purnamawati, I. G. A., Jie, F., & Hatane, S. E. (2022). Cultural Change Shapes the Sustainable Development of Religious Ecotourism Villages in Bali, Indonesia. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(12), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14127368
Puteri Eka Susilowati, A., & Rachmawati, R. (2024). Utilization of Digital Applications to Support Smart Village in Cemani Village, Grogol District, Sukoharjo Regency. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1310(1), 012011. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1310/1/012011
Rahmawati, D. C. A., Mustofa, R. S., Damayanti, E. S., Khoiriyah, A., & Susanti, A. (2023). Digitalization of Local Culture to Build Smart Villages. Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Arts and Humanities 2022 (IJCAH 2022), 1775–1784. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-008-4_192
Ritzer, G., & Goodman, D. J. (2019). Teori Sosiologi Dari Teori Sosiologi Klasik Sampai Perkembangan Mutakhir Teori Sosial Postmodern. Kreasi Wacana.
Saharudin, S., Sukri, S., & Arrozi, P. (2021). Penandaan-Kebahasaan Tentang Transformasi Sosial-Budaya Komunitas Adat Sade dan Pariwisata Selama Pandemi COVID-19. Jurnal Antropologi: Isu-Isu Sosial Budaya, 23(1), 9–17.
Salkuti, S. R. (2021). Smart cities: Understanding policies, standards, applications and case studies. International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 11(4), 3137–3144. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v11i4.pp3137-3144
Seim, J. (2021). Participant Observation, Observant Participation, and Hybrid Ethnography. Sociological Methods & Research, 53(1), 121–152. https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124120986209
Sihombing, T., & Lumbantobing, R. D. H. (2024). Digital technology adoption for village public administration—Evidence from Indonesia. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development, 8(4), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i4.3444
Stake, R. E. (2000). The Case Study Method in Sosial Inquiry. In R. Gomm, M. Hammersley, & P. Foster (Eds.), Case Study Method (pp. 19–26). Sage Publications.
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of Qualitative Research: Grounded Theory Procerdures and Techniques. Sage Publications.
Sudapet, I. N., Sukoco, A., Setiawan, M. I., Salleh, F., & Razik, M. A. B. (2023). “e DESA, Sustainable Village, Intelligent Economy and Tourism.†ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, 108–110. https://doi.org/10.1145/3624875.3624893
Suparlan, P. (2005). Sukubangsa dan Hubungan antar-Sukubangsa. YPKIK Press.
Susanto, P. C., Yuntina, L., Saribanon, E., & Soehaditama, J. P. (2024). Qualitative Method Concepts : Literature Review , Focus Group Discussion , Ethnography and Grounded Theory. Siber Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary, 2(2), 262–275.
Trundle, C., & Phillips, T. (2023). Defining focused ethnography: Disciplinary boundary-work and the imagined divisions between ‘focused’ and ‘traditional’ ethnography in health research – A critical review. Social Science and Medicine, 332(May), 116108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116108
Turner, S. P. (2003). Emile Durkheim: Sociologist and moralist. In Emile Durkheim: Sociologist and Moralist. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203168257
Widiyarta, A., Haniyuhan, A., & Bataha, K. (2024). Transformasi Sosial Budaya Masyarakat pada Implementasi Program Smart Village dalam perspektif Smart Governance. Reslaj : Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal, 6(4), 2030–2040. https://doi.org/10.47476/reslaj.v6i4.1903
Yigitcanlar, T., Han, H., Kamruzzaman, M., Ioppolo, G., & Sabatini-Marques, J. (2019). The making of smart cities: Are Songdo, Masdar, Amsterdam, San Francisco and Brisbane the best we could build? Land Use Policy, 88(September), 104187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104187
Yigitcanlar, T., Kamruzzaman, M., Foth, M., Sabatini-Marques, J., da Costa, E., & Ioppolo, G. (2019). Can cities become smart without being sustainable? A systematic review of the literature. Sustainable Cities and Society, 45(June 2018), 348–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2018.11.033
Zhang, S., & Qiu, Z. (2024). Why is rural E-commerce successful? A sociological analysis of the mechanism for actualizing technological dividends. Journal of Chinese Sociology, 11(2), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40711-023-00205-5
Zhao, Y., & Li, R. (2022). Coupling and Coordination Analysis of Digital Rural Construction from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization: A Case Study from Zhejiang Province of China. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/su14063638
Zulvia, P., & Harahap, A. S. (2023). Advokasi Digitalisasi Desa Dalam Pengembangan Potensi Desa Cibodas Lembang Sebagai Desa Digital. RESWARA: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 4(1), 518–525. https://doi.org/10.46576/rjpkm.v4i1.2501
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2025-06-05
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Alfian, R. L., Warto, W., Fauziah, N. M., & Widyaningsih, R. (2025). The Digital Village Initiative and Construction of Social Identity in Rural Communities. Jurnal Antropologi: Isu-Isu Sosial Budaya, 27(1), 27–36. https://doi.org/10.25077/jantro.v27.n1.p27-36.2025
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